3?4 



WIDER USE CF THE 
SCHOOL PLANT 



No. 52 

CHAPTERS. 



PUBLIC LECTURES IN SCHOOL 
BUILDINGS 

SUGGESTIONS FOR THEIR ORGANIZATION 
AND SOURCES OF SPEAKERS AND TOPICS 



CLARENCE ARTHUR PERRY 

IN CHARGE OF THE SCHOOL FLANT UTILIZATION INQUIRY OF THE RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION 



Published by the 

Department of Child Hygiene of the 

Russell Sage Foundation 

i Madison Avenue, New York City 



»wograph 



PREFATORY NOTE 

The information upon which the following article 
is based has been gathered from the reports of school 
authorities and voluntary organizations, and also by 
means of correspondence, questionnaires and personal 
investigation. A portion of it — that describing the 
New York City lectures — was published in the June 
1 6, 1910, number of the New England Journal of 
Education, under the title "The People's University." 



sep 



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^ 






Public Lectures in School 
Buildings 

ON E winter evening, while walking in 
the outskirts of Cleveland, I stopped in 
front of a public school house. The gate 
was wide open, and from the windows came shafts 
of hospitable light. A stream of people, plainly 
clad but eager and expectant, were entering at 
the front door. 

Now the picture I had in mind of a school house 
in the evening was that of a dark gloomy building, 
with deep black spaces for windows, walled in by 
a high fence and an impregnable gate. I joined 
the ingoing procession. In the lobby nobody sold 
or demanded tickets, but in the hands of a work- 
man in front of me I caught a glimpse of a card 
on which was printed, "To Parents. You are 
invited . . ." His manner was hesitant and 
uneasy, but, as he entered the attractive assembly- 
room and the luxury of its niched statues and 
tropical plants reached his senses, I saw him 
straighten up and his honest face assumed the 
look of a strange new proprietorship. This noble 
building and its contents were his own. He was 
not an outsider here. His credentials were in his 
hand, but he quickly jammed them into his 
pocket when a boy stepped forward with "Come 
this way, father. I'll show you a seat." Then 
his face beamed. 

The people who sat near me nodded constantly 
to friends in the vicinity. A few very small 

3 



children were evidently with their parents. Now 
and then one of the class of white gowned girls 
who occupied seats together near the platform, 
would come down the aisle and whisper to a 
matronly woman, who would perhaps covertly 
hand her a handkerchief or shake her head for a 
decisive "No!" Presently one of the ladies on 
the platform rose and stood by the speaker's 
desk. A hush came over the audience. "She's 
the president of our club," a woman near me 
whispered. The presiding officer expressed her 
pleasure at the large number who had come 
and hoped that they would tell their friends 
of the succeeding entertainments. One week 
from that night they were to hear a lecture 
on the "Spirit of Our National Holidays," 
illustrated by stereopticon views, by Mrs. Elroy 
M. Avery, who would appear before them 
under the auspices of the Western Reserve 
Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revo- 
lution. Before listening to the speaker of the 
evening, they were to have music by pupils of 
the eighth grade. 

The white gowned class then filed upon the 
platform and sang a lullaby with such success 
that they were obliged to respond to an encore. 
Then a boy's chorus contributed an enjoyable 
song, and the musical part of the program was 
completed. The presiding officer announced that 
it was the extraordinary good fortune of the audi- 
ence to have with them that evening a clergyman 
who .... Immediately I spotted him on 
the platform. What, a Protestant! There was 
no mistaking his cloth. I looked around the 



5 

audience, which was denominationally mixed in a 
way only possible in a city with a large immigrant 
population. Did such use of public buildings 
"go" in Cleveland? Then I caught the title of his 
address, "Give the Boy Another Chance." My 
fears began to recede and before he had finished 
his plea the audience gave a demonstration of the 
fact that such things did "go" with them. 

The audience took a long time to disperse. The 
little groups into which it first broke had a great 
deal to talk and laugh about. Then they dis- 
solved and formed other combinations which 
likewise laughed and talked. Here and there 
were teachers, to whom a succession of pupils 
were bringing their fathers and mothers. Up in 
front the clergyman who had spoken was receiving 
the patronesses and their husbands. Reluc- 
tantly the people gave way to the janitor waiting 
to close up. 

Upon inquiry I ascertained that lectures and 
entertainments in public school buildings had 
become a regular part of Cleveland's evening 
amusement program for the winter. The 
Daughters of the American Revolution provide a 
score or so of programs in as many different 
schools, supplemented by patriotic music by sev- 
enth and eighth grade pupils. The Fortnightly 
Musical Club gives a dozen concerts, and the 
Rubenstein semi-chorus appears in recitals. The 
normal school and high school glee clubs con- 
tribute music, and public spirited citizens who 
have travelled deliver illustrated lectures on what 
they have seen in their journeys. The Anti- 
Tuberculosis League furnishes illustrated talks. 



6 

An interesting part of the Cleveland program is 
made up of plain talks to the parents by prominent 
citizens. The school principals tell how the 
parent and teacher can co-operate; the business 
man speaks upon "The Boy in Business and Some 
Things He Must Know"; clergymen tell "How 
Boys Become Men," or discuss the question 
"Does a Child Need Discipline or Sympathy?"; 
representatives of the Good Government Clubs 
speak on "The Child and the Citizen." The 
librarian explains how the library can benefit the 
child; a local judge shows how habit makes the 
boy; a prominent banker speaks on the practice of 
saving, and a well-known physician addresses the 
parents upon the need of wholesome pleasures for 
children. The Western Reserve University pro- 
fessors give extension lectures upon such topics 
as "The Great English Novelists," "The Indus- 
trial Corporation" or "Trade Unionism and the 
Labor Problem." In short, the annual program 
draws upon all the intellectual, artistic and civic 
resources of the city. During a recent winter, 
one hundred of these free lectures and entertain- 
ments were given to Cleveland audiences, aggre- 
gating over 30,000 persons, without one cent of 
cost beyond the expense of heating and lighting 
the school auditoriums, printing, running stere- 
opticons, and some minor expenses of service. 

This work is carried on by a committee of the 
Board of Education on "Lectures and Social 
Center Development," of which Mrs. Sarah E. 
Hyre is the Chairman. Before her marriage Mrs. 
Hyre was a teacher, and since then she has had 
two sons in the Cleveland schools. Her interest 



in educational matters, developed through pro- 
fessional experience and stimulated by parental 
responsibility, led to her election as a member of 
the Board of Education. She was also a member 
of the Daughters of the American Revolution, 
and it occurred to her that the education in 
patriotism that her society wished to advance 
could be promoted by means of entertain- 
ments furnished by the society and held in 
school buildings. At that time the Cleveland 
Board of Education had not enacted any rules 
covering the observance of holidays in the 
schools or defined the uses which could be made 
of the school buildings. Therefore in March, 
1905, a committee of the Board, of which Mrs. 
Hyre was chairman, prepared a set of regulations 
covering these two points, which were adopted by 
the Board. They contained the following para- 
graph: 

"Use of Buildings. The use of school build- 
ings for all educational purposes, other than the 
usual school routine, shall be at the discretion of 
the Superintendent of Instruction and the Director 
of Schools, providing that no more than two paid 
entertainments be given in any one school district 
during the year, and provided further that there 
should be no house to house solicitation for the sale 
of tickets for such entertainments. In all other 
cases the Board of Education shall give special per- 
mission for the use of the school building." 

Mrs. Hyre begins in April to make her plans 
for the following season. On the opening of 
school in September, each principal is asked to 
reserve certain dates for the winter lectures. As 
these dates draw near, the principals arrange for 
the musical numbers, if children are to sing, send 



out cards of invitation to parents, and choose the 
presiding officers. The chairman of each enter- 
tainment is a patron of the district, and in some 
wards the members of the mothers' club connected 
with the school act as hostesses. In certain dis- 
tricts the work has met with such hearty support 
that the local organizations are not only providing 
a director to attend to the arrangements, but 
contributing the program as well. 

The painstaking oversight exercised by Mrs. 
Hyre is exemplified by her custom, as the date for 
a lecture approaches, of telephoning both the 
speaker and the principal, and of thus making 
sure that the engagement has not been forgotten 
or the janitor left unadvised about the heat and 
light. Having no funds with which to hire 
speakers with well-attested drawing power, she 
has skilfully selected topics of such interest as 
"What is a Man Worth?," "The Habit of Being 
on Time," and "Crossing the Bridge with our 
Children." She did not hit casually upon this 
policy, but it is the outcome of her valuable 
experience. In the early stages of the work a 
couple of dry lectures on "Iron Ore" and "How 
to Tell Time from the Sun" had temporarily 
almost disastrous effects upon the popularity of 
the lectures in the locality where they were given. 
After that Mrs. Hyre placed her dependence mainly 
upon subjects taken from every-day life, matters 
that touch the family, the school or the purse. 
Such topics interest people, even if they are not 
presented by orators of conspicuous ability. 

The Cleveland public lectures committee have 
steadily refused the use of school buildings to 



those desiring to discuss socialistic or other 
partisan policies. This strict regard for deeply- 
settled opinions has been a strong element in the 
permanence of the support given to the work by 
the community. 

After one of the illustrated talks on " How We 
May Aid the Fight Against Tuberculosis," the 
committee received forty letters from the pupils 
of one school telling of the sanitary benefits in 
their homes which had followed as a result of the 
lecture. This is an illustration of the enlighten- 
ment upon matters related to the physical and 
civic health of the city resulting from this work. 
It is now attracting so much attention that Mrs. 
Hyre is receiving many requests for information, 
and invitations to tell about it upon the lecture 
platform. Recently the methods of the work 
were investigated by a committee from the 
Chicago Board of Education, and their report 
ended with a strong recommendation that Chicago 
introduce a similar system of lectures. 

The Cleveland undertaking has been described, 
not because it is typical of the public lecture work 
of the country,— since it is a unique system,— 
but because it well illustrates the various ways 
in which this method of employing idle school 
buildings benefits the public; at the same time it 
serves as an example of educational enterprise 
that might be easily copied by any American 
community. 

FORMS OF THE LECTURE AND ENTERTAINMENT ORGAN- 
IZATIONS WHICH USE SCHOOL BUILDINGS 

"On Monday, February 8, at 7.30 p. m., at the 
High School, Dr. of the Normal School, 



10 



will begin a series of Lecture Classes on 'The 
Work of the School in Society'. . . This 
course is intended especially for the teachers." 

This announcement appeared not long ago on 
the school bulletin boards of a certain middle- 
west city. It discloses the school lecture move- 
ment in its embryonic form. To improve the 
work of the teaching force was the motive which 
gave rise to it, and the first school superintendents 
who called in pedagogical experts and college 
professors after school to instruct and inspire 
the teachers are responsible for its beginning. 
While the lectures announced above represent an 
early type, the school-work of the city where they 
are given is not to be regarded as primitive in 
character. This is only one of the many courses 
and entertainments annually offered in the school 
buildings of that city. These pedagogical lectures 
still survive in school systems because they serve 
a useful purpose. The lecturer is usually paid a 
fee and the expense is borne by the school board. 
While the public is not denied admission, the 
technical character of the addresses ordinarily 
keeps it away. 

More modern in origin, but not less loosely or- 
ganized, is that scheme of miscellaneous lectures 
and entertainments which are given occasionally 
in school buildings under various auspices. A 
pupils' chorus sings "The Creation" and devotes 
the proceeds to the purchase of pictures and casts 
to adorn school walls. The French class of the 
high school presents " Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme," 
and bestows its door-receipts on the school paper. 
Some traveling quartettes, a company of glee 



1 1 

singers, a cartoonist, a humorist and several 
professional lecturers are engaged to appear in a 
winter entertainment course in the high school, 
and the expenses are met by selling tickets. A 
group of public spirited citizens joins with the 
school superintendent to promote a series of 
first-class musical concerts for which an admission 
fee of ten cents is charged. Sometimes the school 
board allows clubs to give lectures in the as- 
sembly hall on the understanding that they ad- 
mit the public generally. To meet expenses they 
are allowed to take up a "silver offering." 

This same scheme includes free lectures. There 
is the noon address in the central high school by 
the famous juvenile court judge who has been 
persuaded by the women's civic club to stop on 
his way through the city. An authority on play- 
ground work lectures before the local playground 
association, and such of the citizens as have the 
leisure at four o'clock to journey to the high school, 
on "The Playground as a Social Factor in the 
Community." At the conclusion of the lecture, 
questions are asked as to the ways in which people 
can be actively interested and the city council be 
induced to make appropriations. The Federation 
of Women's Clubs supports entertainments on 
Sunday afternoons in school buildings for the 
purpose of attracting people from the cheap 
theatres and nickelodeons. 

In Lawrence, Massachusetts, there is a teachers' 
association under the auspices of which a course 
of lectures is given every winter in one of the 
school auditoriums. Their programs include not 
only such professional topics as "Some Ideals for 



12 

the Teacher," but those of more general interest, 
as an "Interpretative Recital of 'Othello." 
To these lectures the public is invited as well as 
the teachers, and in that way the association ac- 
complishes its purpose "to develop a more general 
acquaintanceship . . . between the teachers 
and members of the community." 

Most of the organizations of this sort employ 
lecturers of reputation, and the expense is met 
by assessments made upon the members. In 
other cities, as in Lawrence, the superintendent 
of schools is generally the president of the as- 
sociation, which fact frequently gives the or- 
ganization a semi-official character. The lectures 
provided for under these auspices are on a more 
permanent basis than those that depend upon the 
initiative of the school superintendent alone, and 
upon the contingency, perhaps, of surplus school 
funds; and when chosen by an association their 
range of subjects usually extends beyond the 
bounds of pedagogy. This establishes them upon 
a broader foundation of human needs and in- 
terests. 

Coming now to a slightly more substantial 
form of lecture administration, an instance is 
presented in the work of the Grand Rapids 
Library Commission. Certain of its branch li- 
braries are located in school buildings where 
courses of free evening lectures are given during 
the winter under the direction of the library 
officials. The topics are selected with a view to 
the civic needs, and the attendance frequently 
exceeds the seating capacity of the halls. " How 
the City Spends Your Money" was the title of a 



13 

series of unusually instructive lectures given by 
municipal officials. 

The Philadelphia League of Home and School 
Associations arranges courses of lectures by 
prominent scientists and professional people upon 
subjects pertaining to community welfare, held 
in connection with the public meetings of the 
teacher-parent societies in the various school 
houses. The Boston Home and School Asso- 
ciation has established a bureau which assists its 
branch associations in arranging free lecture 
courses. Both of these are voluntary organiza- 
tions, and they receive no aid from the school 
authorities beyond the use of the school build- 
ings, heat and light. The lecturers usually give 
their services and the addresses are frequently 
supplemented by music furnished by the pupils. 
For certain of its lecture courses the St. Paul 
Institute of Arts and Sciences uses one of the 
high school halls. The use of the building is 
given by the school board, and the expenses of 
the lectures are met by membership fees and the 
sale of tickets to non-members. With organiza- 
tions of this class, the lecture work is on a more 
permanent basis, but it is still either an incidental 
activity or one of a group of activities receiving 
approximately equal attention and support. 

Of the public lecture systems maintained by 
boards of education, the form administered by 
a committee of the board has already been pre- 
sented in the description of the Cleveland work. 
Other forms may be touched upon. The school lec- 
tures of Cincinnati were one year under the charge 
of the supervisor of physical training. In Newark 



they are directed by the "Supervisor of Evening 
Schools and Lectures." In 1901 when the Boston 
School Board established its lecture system on a 
firmer footing, it asked one of its prominent school 
supervisors to assume charge. He was assisted 
by a local director at each center who saw to the 
advertising in his section of the city, arranged for 
the preservation of order, and otherwise looked 
after the comfort of the audience. Each of 
these directors had had a successful experience in 
school administration and was well-known in the 
neighborhood he served. 

The New York school lectures are administered 
by a department which is co-ordinate with that 
of the city superintendent and reports directly 
to the Board of Education. Its head has a 
permanent staff of assistants and a corps of 
superintendents and stereopticon operators as 
thoroughly trained and organized as the employees 
of a modern business corporation. 

THE NEW YORK LECTURES 

A visitor to one of the evening lecture centers 
sees first two flaring gas lamps illuminating 
a bulletin board and a pair of quick-yielding 
doors; then he passes into a lobby, or perhaps up 
a flight or two of clean stairs, animate with a pro- 
cession of babbling people, and enters a sloping, 
ampitheatre-like auditorium or else a level, desk- 
filled assembly-room where a man is busy with 
rubber-tubes, copper-tanks, and a machine on 
a tripod which contains two eyes, one over the 
other, that look straight at a square-white expanse 
stretched wall-like on the platform in front. Or 



15 

perhaps, instead of this bleached expanse, he 
sees some tables laden with test-tubes, retorts, 
and wicked yellow bottles, and nearby a young 
man crushing gritty stuff in a mortar; or maybe 
a background of charts shining with muscle, 
nerves and viscera, setting off an amiable skele- 
ton swinging idly from a nail, and a boy with 
bandaged leg and head lying supine on a table 
amongst "red-cross" lint and aseptic cotton. 
Or in the place of this hospital and laboratory 
paraphernalia he may confront an open piano 
with sheet-music anticipatively placed. But al- 
ways he finds a hushed audience, devoid of 
children, awaiting the terse introduction of the 
speaker of the evening by the official-like person- 
age in charge. These are some of the things 
witnessed between 7.30 and 8.15 on a winter's 
evening at the school lecture centers in New 
York. A moment after the latter hour, the doors 
will be locked and the door-tender beyond the 
reach of entreaties. 

Only 1 19 out of the 610 buildings controlled by 
the Board of Education are used as lecture centers, 
but in some fifty other buildings, chiefly club halls 
and churches, addresses are given under their 
auspices. A staff of over 600 lecturers, from every 
walk in life, are employed in this work. Besides 
a large company of professors and instructors 
representing fourteen colleges and universities, 
there are experts in city-planning, housing, and 
playgrounds, authorities on explosives, street- 
cleaning, and municipal water-supply, art-stu- 
dents who have travelled in Italy and Greece, 
educators loaded with fresh spoils from the 



i6 

British Museum, distinguished scientists, eminent 
jurists, influential politicians, public spirited phy- 
sicians and prominent citizens of all classes. 

As for the things they talk about, here is a list 
of titles chosen from the program of 1908-9: 
"Municipal Cleaning and Its Relation to Public 
Health;" "Housing in Europe;" "Goethe: Man 
the Mirror of the World;" "Walt Whitman and 
the Hope of Democracy;" " Mohammedanism and 
the Crusades;" "Uncle Sam's Own Story of the 
Declaration of Independence;" "The City Beau- 
tiful, or the Planning and Embellishment of 
Cities;" "How Shall a Girl Earn a Living?"; 
"The Man That Is Down and Out;" "The Songs 
and Basketry of the North American Indians;" 
"Applications of Electric Signals;" "The Life 
Story of the Honey Bee;" "The Treatment of 
Shock, Bleeding, Burns, Exposure to Cold and 
Frostbite;" "Life in a Coal Breaker;" "Real 
Cowboy Life in the Far West;" "Street Life 
in Paris;" and "A Trip to Central Africa." 
Altogether there were 1 575 different topics, cover- 
ing the whole field of human interests, upon which 
the audiences were instructed and entertained. 

In one particular center, weekly lectures on 
science were given for seven years, thus affording 
a relatively complete equivalent of a college educa- 
tion in that department of knowledge. A recent 
annual program contained 100 courses, running 
from twenty-eight to three lectures each, many of 
them presented by the same person, and all of 
them related in subject and systematically de- 
veloped. Professor Shotwell gave twenty-eight 
lectures on "Epochs of History," and twenty- 



17 

seven of the persons who attended throughout the 
course passed an examination and received certi- 
ficates of credit approved by Columbia University 
and the Supervisor of Lectures. Certificates for 
attendance and proficiency in examination were 
also awarded at the close of twenty-eight lectures 
on "Economics" given by Professor Clark of 
Columbia University and Dr. Guthrie of The 
College of the City of New York. Audiences 
aggregating 27,460 persons attended the five- 
lecture courses on "First Aid to the Injured," 
which were held in thirty-eight different centers 
and required the services of twelve physi- 
cian lecturers. The final examinations were 
passed by 986 persons. The remaining ninety- 
seven courses were not followed by closing tests, 
but in many cases printed syllabi were distributed 
among the audience, and it was the practice of the 
lecturers to answer questions and suggest sources 
of information at the close of each meeting. Thus 
it is seen that the New York lectures are not a 
mere miscellany of serious addresses and frivolous 
entertainments, but constitute a definitely planned 
system of adult education. 

That instruction for the voter is not forgotten 
is shown by the important share of the program 
which is given to the discussion of civic problems. 
Thirteen addresses on municipal topics such as 
"Docks and Ferries," "The Public Service Com- 
mission," "The New York Tax Department," 
and "Our New Water Supply," were given a 
year ago at different centers by prominent city 
officials. Another popular course of six lectures 
dealt with the various phases of "Congestion of 



i8 

Population." The expert social workers and 
officials who gave this course, treated not only 
of such sinister conditions as the "Factories, 
Tenements and the Sweating System" but also 
of the constructive, remedial forces existing in 
"City Planning" and "Parks and Playgrounds." 
Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, the head of the New York 
public lectures for "working men and working 
women," as they were first entitled, believes that 
"the great questions confronting our citizens are 
in the last analysis educational," and through 
the provision of such courses as these he demon- 
strates his faith " that politics treated as education 
will become freed from partisanship." 

The home study of the subjects discussed was 
stimulated by displaying along with the lecture 
bulletins the location of the most convenient 
branch of the public library, where books were 
especially set apart for supplementary reading. 
A librarian wrote: "At one course on 'The Far 
East' books recommended for reading were placed 
conspicuously with the result that twenty-eight 
books were each consulted thirty-three times." 
All of the science lectures were accompanied by 
demonstrations with apparatus, and most of the 
travel lectures and those on special subjects were 
illustrated with stereopticon views, and in a few 
instances with motion pictures. At some cos- 
tumes and exhibits were shown. 

If the Board of Education lectures given dur- 
ing one year in the five metropolitan boroughs 
were all offered on one evening, it would re- 
quire approximately the total adult population 
of a city the size of Chicago to provide the 



i 9 

customary audiences. To be more precise, the 
aggregate attendance at these lectures during the 
1908-09 season amounted to 1,213,116 persons. 
And what a cosmopolitan multitude they were! 
Croatian, Greek, Russian, Hebrew, Sicilian, 
Lithuanian, Yankee, Magyar, Pole (pupils from 
twenty-three different racial groups attend one 
of the east-side schools) all participated in 
the educational benefits derived from these 
lectures. The Yiddish, Italians, and Germans 
come in such large numbers that special lecturers, 
speaking their own tongues, are provided. The 
people from Italy hear Dr. Luigi Roversi speak 
upon the "Rights and Duties of an American 
Citizen," Mr. Joseph E. Eron tells his Hebrew 
neighbors about the "Great American Literary 
Men" and Mrs. Franziska Hopf lectures to her 
German compatriots upon musical subjects. 
For the more recent immigrants, the lectures 
are so fully illustrated with pictures and demon- 
strations that they are to a large degree intelli- 
gible without a full knowledge of English; some- 
times their attractiveness is further increased 
by the introduction of a short musical program 
previous to the lecture proper. Frequently when 
views of Southern Europe are thrown on the screen 
one can hear some Greek, Italian or Spaniard 
uttering irrepressible ejaculations of joyful recog- 
nition. 

The various centers usually draw their audiences 
from their own locality, and thus have an in- 
dividuality of their own. On the other hand the 
lectures are so well advertised, — several of the 
dailies print the weekly and evening programs 



20 

as matters of news, — that a popular speaker or 
a topic of unusual interest will draw persons 
from all sections of the city. Such an announce- 
ment as the "Folk Songs of Scandinavia," will 
bring together a large number of Norwegians and 
Swedes. 

"To spur the thoughtful, to stimulate the 
student, to awaken a desire for reading," has been 
the fundamental motive in this system of free 
adult instruction which Dr. Leipziger during 
the past twenty years has built up under the 
Board of Education. The skill and success with 
which this didactic purpose has been worked out, 
is shown both by the fifty-fold increase in the 
attendance during the two decades of their ex- 
istence and by the large number of appreciative 
letters annually received from the participants in 
the lecture benefits. Here are a few excerpts: 

"Dr. Osier's theory doesn't worry me. I 
work hard all day at manual work, but in the 
evening I feel like a child attending school with 
regard to these grand, instructive lectures." 

"My husband and I take it turn about staying 
with the children, so the other can attend the 
lectures. It is our only diversion." 

" I have found these lectures (on metallurgy) 
extremely interesting as well as of particular 
service to me on account of my being in the iron 
business." 

" I am an old bachelor and live in a furnished 
room; I have no place to spend my evenings ex- 
cept in the saloons, and I suppose I have saved 
$100 by attending these lectures, for which I am 
very thankful to the Board of Education." 



21 
COST OF LECTURES 

At the present time the average cost of each of 
the Board of Education lectures to the New York 
taxpayers is only $26.05. This amount includes 
not only the lecturer's fee but the expense con- 
nected with the use of stereopticons, the scientific 
material used, printing and administration. 
When the cost is computed on the basis of at- 
tendance, it amounts to only twelve cents per 
lecture for each person. A uniform fee of ten 
dollars is paid for each lecture, and in spite of the 
nominal character of this fee some of the most 
distinguished speakers in the country have ap- 
peared upon its platform. 

Newark, N. J., also has a paid lecture system in 
which, during the year ending June 30, 1909, 273 
lectures were given at a cost of $23.65 per lecture. 
I n Jersey City during the winter of 1 908-09, ninety- 
eight lectures were given at a cost of $19.69 each. 
Milwaukee conducted a winter course of seventy- 
four lectures in its school-buildings at a cost of 
$33 .76 each. The inexpensiveness of the Cleveland 
lectures has already been mentioned. 

CHILDREN AND THE LECTURES 

School children are not admitted to the public 
lectures in the school buildings of New York, 
Milwaukee and several other cities. They are 
kept out on account of their tendency to giggle, 
whisper and manifest a general restlessness that 
interferes with the enjoyment of the auditors and 
the efforts of the speaker. On the other hand, the 
older children attend the Cleveland entertain- 
ments, and no disorder of consequence has 



22 



resulted. Newark also admits the advanced pupils 
of the grammar schools. It is pointed out that 
many subjects are interesting to children of this 
age and that a regard for the future of the lecture 
system requires the training of young people in 
the "lecture habit." With this in view many 
superintendents advocate special school lectures 
which will interest the older boys and girls. It is 
suggested that a children's course of illustrated 
talks, correlated possibly with some of the class- 
room work, could very profitably be given in 
various school centers after school-hours, to 
which only the pupils of certain grades would be 
admitted. Such a course might involve the pay- 
ment of a fee to the lecturer, but being so directly 
related to school work there should be no difficulty 
in getting the Board of Education to bear this 
expense. 

An excellent series of talks for school children 
has been prepared under the auspices of the Moral 
Education Board of Baltimore (903 Calvert 
Building). They are on such topics as "The 
Ethics of Sport", "Who is the Gentleman", 
"The True Sportsman", "What I'm Going to do 
When I'm Grown Up", and "What Men Think 
About Boys' Fights". They are all illustrated 
by lantern slides made from photographs of 
actual events and scenes in real life. Carefully 
prepared remarks on what is fine and right in 
conduct are given while the pictures are being 
thrown upon the screen. The pictures show a 
large number of scenes in American and English 
games and sports. Extreme care has been used 
in the selection of situations that have moral 



2 3 

significance and tend to produce positive effects 
in the minds of children. These lectures have 
been prepared in such a form that they can 
be delivered by local speakers. The Board 
will send its expert to give a demonstration 
lecture and after that the other lectures can 
easily be delivered by a principal or teacher. 
The use of the lectures and slides involves a 
nominal expense. These illustrated lessons in 
morals have already been given in New York and 
Newark and many other cities. The Moral Educa- 
tion Board has received written endorsements 
from over ioo eminent educators and publicists, 
all heartily approving these lectures. 

SOURCES OF SPEAKERS AND TOPICS 

There are a large number of organizations (see 
full list on page 34 under title "National Sources") 
devoted to public welfare which either have as- 
sociated with them, or know of, persons who may 
be secured to give addresses upon the subjects with 
which they are dealing. In this way they find an 
opportunity to publish the results of their in- 
vestigations, awaken public sentiment and propa- 
gate the ideas for which they stand. Through 
correspondence with these organizations speakers 
of national reputation can frequently be obtained 
for their bare traveling expenses. 

The National Child Labor Committee cheerfully 
co-operates with school public lecture courses in 
presenting various phases of its work. It has a 
staff of lecturers who regularly respond to in- 
vitations, without charge to affiliated organiza- 
tions and for a reasonable honorarium in the case 



24 

of outside societies. The School of Philanthropy 
of New York has an extension service, and 
arranges with members of its staff for single 
lectures or courses of lectures upon social, 
philanthropic and charitable topics. One im- 
portant course it gives is upon "The Care of 
Children." The usual charge for this service 
is $20 and traveling expenses for each lecture. 
The new co-operative agency for civic advance 
known as "Boston-1915" (6 Beacon Street), has 
established a speakers' bureau and is enlisting 
business and professional men to serve the move- 
ment by explaining its details to audiences in- 
terested in such work. While this bureau is 
chiefly concerned with requests from Boston and 
its metropolitan district, any call for a speaker to 
go to a greater distance will be welcomed, and if 
possible, some one will be sent. 

The United States Department of Agriculture 
also furnishes speakers on certain occasions. Con- 
cerning this work the Secretary of Agriculture has 
written: "The Department maintains in its Office 
of Experiment Stations an Agricultural Education 
Service in which the time of several specialists 
is devoted to the study of educational problems, 
particularly those concerned with the introduction 
of instruction in nature study, school gardening, 
and elementary agriculture into the public schools, 
and this service, as well as some of the other 
Bureaus of the Department, frequently furnishes 
speakers at large educational gatherings where 
leading educators are assembled and there is 
likely to be opportunity to exert a wide influence 
on educational policy." 



25 

In most states there are certain institutions 
and organizations from which speakers may be 
secured. Such are the experimental stations 
attached to the agricultural colleges, the state de- 
partment of public instruction, the home econom- 
ics department of the state university and the 
similar departments of agricultural colleges, and 
the various state conferences of charity. 

The success of an application for a lecturer de- 
pends largely upon the importance of the occasion 
and the opportunity it offers for promoting the 
interests of his organization. To invest the oc- 
casion with the proper "importance" the enter- 
prising director will enlist the assistance of the 
local organization that is identified with the same 
cause as the speaker. If he is baiting his hook 
for a celebrated champion of the playground move- 
ment, he will get the local playground associa- 
tion to extend the invitation and afterwards in- 
duce the members to act as patrons of the meeting. 
The association will then help with the audience. 
The people will hear a distinguished speaker. 
The playground movement will be advanced and 
the school lecture work will score a success. 

In applying to outside organizations for speakers 
it is important to give full information in regard 
to the size and character of the audience expected, 
hours and dates preferred, general topics and type 
of lecture (technical, popular, or illustrated) de- 
sired and the maximum expense which may be 
incurred. When the lecturers are not paid a fee 
the chief reliance will have to be placed usually 
upon those people who have interesting subjects 
to talk about even though they are not finished 



26 

speakers. In every community there is a large 
class of such persons from whom addresses, at once 
profitable and interesting, can be obtained with- 
out charge. The local historical society often has 
some member who can talk interestingly on the 
early history of the community. Almost every 
town has a natural history society among the 
members of which there is some geologist who can 
describe, and frequently illustrate with lantern 
slides, the formations of the earth's crust in that 
locality. Social settlement workers may be found 
who will give addresses upon pertinent local social 
problems. Often the public librarian will be 
glad to avail himself of the school house platform 
to tell the community about the resources of his 
library. Many medical associations contain pub- 
lic spirited members upon whom the community 
can draw for instructive addresses on such topics 
as the way in which the city's health can be con- 
served. 

A list of organizations, or classes of persons 
from whom lectures can be frequently obtained 
without cost, together with suggestions as to 
topics and titles, will be found on page 28 under 
the title " Lecture Sources." 

Whether the lecturers are employed or give 
their services, whether they come from a distance 
or are selected from the community, a school 
lecture system will fail of its highest usefulness 
unless it satisfies real needs and is conducted 
in such a way as to secure the people's earnest 
co-operation. On this subject Dr. Leipziger 
says: 



2 7 

"Participation by the people in the work of 
the public lectures is desired, for thought and 
reading must be encouraged. It is not only our 
duty to provide instruction in art, literature and 
science alone, but it is in a larger sense our pro- 
vince to train the people in the knowledge of the 
very problems which they as voters are called 
upon to decide. It is our test that eventually, 
through the medium of the public lectures, each 
school house and lecture hall shall become a 
genuine people's forum." 

REFERENCES 

Adams, Herbert B.: Educational Extension in the United States. 
Report of the U. S. Commissioner of Education, 1899-1900, 
Vol. 1, pages 330-334. 

Clark, E. P.: The Free Lecture Movement. Nation, 74:363. 
1902. 

Iles, G.: How a Great Free Lecture System Works. World's Work, 
5 : 33 2 7- 1903- 

Leipziger, Henry M.: Free Lectures. Critic, 28:329. 1896. 
(History of the lecture movement.) 

Free Lectures to the People. Annual reports by the Supervisor 
of Lectures to the New York Board of Education. From 1889 
to 1909. 

See also Free Public Lectures, Report of the Committee on 
Evening Schools, School Document No. 13, 1903, Boston; Lecture 
Bureau, Boston Home and School Association, 405 Marlborough 
Street, Boston, Mass., 1909; and the annual reports of the superin- 
tendents of schools of the cities named in the text. 



LECTURE SOURCES 



LOCAL SPEAKERS AND TOPICS 

The following list sets forth the possible sources of 
lectures and lecturers which are to be found in the 
average American community. In the ranks of the pro- 
fessional men and officials named below are many 
speakers whose services are available whenever the 
public needs them. The societies and organizations 
which are named frequently include among their 
officers or members speakers who will gladly give their 
efforts in behalf of public education. 

After each name follow one or more topics, most of 
which have actually appeared upon lecture programs 
in various places. Neither of the lists is complete but 
if they are found suggestive they will have served 
their purpose. 

Board of Trade Secretary 
Some Things that Every Citizen Ought to Know 
About Our City 

Business Man of Prominence 
The Boy in Business and Some Things He Ought to 
Know 

Camera Club 

Picturesque Points in Our City 

Chamber of Commerce Secretary 
The Industries of Our City 

Charity Organization Society 
How We Should Treat Beggars 

City Bacteriologist 
Germs and Sickness 
La Grippe, Pneumonia and Diphtheria 

28 



29 

Recent Progress in Warfare against Microbes 
Lockjaw, Malarial Fever and Hydrophobia 

City Engineer 

The Smoke Question 

City Fire Department Chief 

How the Fire Insurance Rate Was Lowered 

City Chief of Police 

Preventing Crime Cheaper than Catching Criminals 

City Health Department Head 
City Milk 
Why have Typhoid? 

City Mayor 
The Making of a Citizen 
Why There Are Politicians 

City Librarian 

How the Library can Benefit the Child 

City Superintendent of Schools 

How the Board of Education Spends your Money 
The Cash Value of a High School Training 

City Park Commission Head 
How to Use a Park 
How to Plant and Care for Shade Trees 

City Water Department Head 
Value of Pure Water to a Community 
Our Water Supply 

Clergyman 

Give the Boy Another Chance 

What is a Man Worth? 

How Boys Become Men 

Morals and Peace 

Respect for Authority in the Home and School 

The Mistakes of a Father I Knew 



30 

Daughters of the American Revolution 

The Spirit of Our National Holidays 

Miles Standish (a reading) 

The Flag 

Independence Day Possibilities 
Dental Society 

How to Care for the Teeth 

Editor of Newspaper 
Publicity and Public Affairs 
The Making of a Newspaper 

Electric Light and Power Company Engineer 
Some Common Applications of Electricity to Every- 
Day Life 

Elocutionist (new to city) 
Enoch Arden (a reading) 

Foreign Society President 
The European Home of My Race 
Why We Left the Old Country 

Good Government Club Secretary 
City Government by Commission 
The Duty of a Citizen to the City 
Why We are Proud of Our City 

Green-House Man of Prominence 
Practical Suggestions for Home Gardening 
Gardening as a Prevention and Cure of Disease 

High School Teacher of Chemistry 

Explosives 

The Chemistry of Fuels 
High School Physics Teacher 

The Latest Developments in Electricity 

High School Teacher of Zoology 
Insects and the Nation's Property 
Our Small Neighbors 
Our Friends of the Sea 



3i 

Historical Society 
A Study in the Early History of Our Country 
Yesterdays in Our City 

Hospital Staff 
Milk and the Child 
First Aid to the Injured 
The Care and Feeding of Babies 
How to Save Summer Babies 

Justice of the Supreme Court 

Naturalization : its Privileges and Obligations 

Habit Makes the Boy 

The Square Deal for the Child 

Labor Unionist 
Morals and Unions 

Landscape Architect 
Gardening in Relation to Civic Beauty 
The Economic Significance of Gardening 

Lawyer 
Why the Lawyer Cannot Lie 

Local Forecaster of the United States Weather 
Bureau 
Uncle Sam as a Weather Prophet 
The Story of the Air 
Effects of Weather on Mind and Body 
The Causes of Stormy Weather 

Manufacturer of Prominence 
The Habit of Being on Time 
Why We Have a Time Register in Our Office 
Morals and the Factory 

Medical Association 
The Fight Against Tuberculosis 
The Prevention of Communicable Diseases 

Member of Congress 

Prominent Men in the National Legislature 



3 2 

Music Teacher 
Life Forces in Music 

"Carmen," illustrated by Piano Selections and a 
Talking Machine 

Natural History Society 
Our Native Song Birds 
Fangs, Fins and Stings 
An Evening in Birdland 

Oculist 
The Care of the Eyes 

Physician of Distinction 
Some Causes of Nervous Disorders 
How Tuberculosis Patients May be Helped at Home 

Playground Association 
A Safe and Sane Fourth of July 
The Relation of Play to Citizenship 
Children's Idle Hours 
Illustrated Playground Talk 

Professor of Astronomy 
Some of the Recent Developments in Astronomy 
Eclipses of the Sun 
Is Mars Inhabited? 

Professor of Economics 
Trade Unions and the Labor Problem 
Morals and Competition 
The Industrial Corporation 

Professor of English Literature 
The Great English Novelists 
The Spirit of Tennyson 

Professor of Pedagogy 
Does a Child Need Discipline or Sympathy ? 
Character in the School Room 
The Fine Art of Making a Child Bad 



33 

Professor of Political Science 
The Problem of the Ballot 
The Building of a Citizen 

Professor of Sociology 
Facts About Lynching 
What is the Labor Problem? 
How the Other Half Lives in England 

Principal of Grammar School 
How the Parent and Teacher Can Co-operate 
How Children May Learn to Use Money 

Recruiting Officer 
The Opportunity to Acquire a Trade in the Army 
The Educational Advantages of Army Life 

Savings Bank Cashier 
The Habit of Saving 

Savings Banks; What They Do for the People and 
How They Do it 

School Physician 
Care of the Skin : Bathing and Clothing 
Health More Important Than Education 
Common Physical Defects and How to Cure Them 
Medical Inspection of School Children 
What to Do in Accidents and Emergencies 

Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Chil- 
dren 
When it is Proper to Remove the Child from its 
Parents 

Social Settlement 
Child Labor 

The Problem of the Girl 

The Neighborhood : the Beginning of Patriotism 
The Coming People: Immigrants, Past and Present 
The Need of Wholesome Pleasures for Children 



34 

Standard Oil Employee 
The Origin and Development of the Petroleum 
Industry 

State Senator 

How the Upper House Differs from the Lower House 
Federal, State, County and Municipal Government 

Teacher of Public School 

What the Teacher May Expect from the Parent 
To Every Girl Her Chance 

Y. M. C. A. Secretary 
Give the Boy Another Chance 
An All-Round Man 
The Boy and his Vocation 

Y. W. C. A. Secretary 
Why Girls Should Have a Vocation 
Healthful, Practicable Vacations for Working Girls 

NATIONAL SOURCES 

The organizations listed below either have lecturers 
on their staffs or are in touch with persons whose in- 
terest in their work impels them to give it the support 
of an occasional public address. The name appended 
in each case is that of the officer to whom correspondence 
should be directed. 

The subjects set forth have in many instances been 
selected from a much longer list, and are thus to be 
regarded as indicative of the character and extent of 
the matters treated, rather than comprehensive. 

Usually only the address of the headquarters has been 
given, but many of the societies have branches in vari- 
ous states and a membership distributed throughout 
the country. In considering the expense of travel 
therefore, it is not safe to gauge it by the distance of the 
city named. Correspondence may reveal the existence 
of a speaker connected with the organization who lives 
quite close to the place where the address is desired. 



35 

Besides the associations named here there are in 
many states various institutions and philanthropic and 
educational bodies (see reference to these on page 25) 
with which speakers are connected whose services are 
frequently available. 

In allowing their names to be inserted in this directory 
the organizations wish it understood that they have 
placed themselves under no obligations. They have 
merely let it be announced that applications for lecture 
service may be made to them and they will co-operate 
whenever it is possible to do so. 

In applying, full information should be given as 
to the size and character of the audience expected, 
hours and dates preferred, general topics and type of 
lecture (technical, popular, or illustrated) desired and 
the maximum expense which may be incurred. 

ORGANIZATIONS WHICH USE THE LECTURE 
PLATFORM 

American Academy of Political and Social Sci- 
ence. Carl Kelsey, Secretary, West Philadelphia 
Post Office, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Questions of a political, social or economic 
nature 

American Association for the Advancement of 
Science, Committee of One Hundred on National 
Health. E. F. Robbins, Executive Secretary, 
Drawer 45, New Haven, Conn. 

All branches of the public health movement; 
especially the establishment of a bureau or 
department of health in the national govern- 
ment at Washington. 

American Association for Labor Legislation. 
John B. Andrews, Secretary, Metropolitan Build- 
ing, New York City. 

Workmen's Compensation for Industrial Acci- 
dents 



36 

Industrial Hygiene 
Woman's Work 
Unemployment 
Hours of Labor 

American Association for Study and Prevention 
of Infant Mortality. Miss Gertrude B. Knipp, 
Secretary, 121 1 Cathedral St., Baltimore, Md. 
The Principal Causes of Infant Mortality 
The Reduction of Infant Mortality, and the 
First Steps to Secure It in Our Large Cities 
Birth Registration 
Consultations for Nurslings; the Experience in 

France 
How to Dress a Baby 

American Civic Association. Richard B. Watrous, 
Secretary, 914 Union Trust Bldg. .Washington, D. C. 
Billboards 

The City Beautiful and Efficient 
Improving Water Fronts 
The House Fly 
Factory Betterment 

American Economic Association. T. N. Carver, 
Secretary, Cambridge, Mass. 

Subjects in the field of economics 

American Federation of Labor. Frank Morrison, 
Secretary, 801-809 G St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 
Labor Problems 

American Federation of Labor, Industrial Educa- 
tion Committee. John Mitchell, Chairman, 10096 
Metropolitan Bldg., New York City. 
Industrial Education 

American Home Economics Association. Benj. R. 
Andrews, Secretary, Teachers' College, New York 
City. 

Household Management 



37 

Household Economics 

Standards of Living 

Domestic Science in the Public Schools 

American Humane Association, The. William O. 
Stillman, M.D., President, Albany, N. Y. 
Humane Education 

American Humane Education Society, The. A. 
Judson Leach, State Organizer, 12 Pratt St., Read- 
ing, Mass. 

Education of the Heart 

History and Growth of the Humane Movement 

Object and Aims of the Massachusetts Society 

for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals 
Object and Aims of the American Humane 
Education Society 

American Institute of Social Service. M. J. 
Whitty, Secretary, 85 Bible House, New York City. 
All subjects bearing on social interests 

American Medical Association, Public Health 
Education Committee. Evelyn Garrigue, M. D., 
Secretary, 616 Madison Ave., New York City. 
The Cause and Prevention of Ordinary Colds 
The Relation of Pure Water to the Public 

Health 
The Use and Abuse of Stimulants and Nar- 
cotics 
How to Instruct Children Regarding the Origin 

of Life 
The Value of Early Diagnosis of Cancer in 
Women 

American Purity Alliance, The. O. Edward Jan- 
ney, M.D., President, 156 Fifth Ave., New York 
City. 

The Teaching of Sex Hygiene 

An Equal Standard of Morals 

The Prevention of State Regulation of Vice 



38 

American Society for Extension of University 
Teaching. Charles D. Atkins, Secretary, Wither- 
spoon Bldg., Walnut and Juniper Sts., Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

Courses in history, literature, art, sociology 

American Society for the Judicial Settlement of 
International Disputes. Theodore Marburg, 
Secretary, 14 Mt. Vernon Place, West, Baltimore, 
Md. 

Questions relating to the establishment of a 
permanent international court of justice 

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty 
to Animals, The. Alfred Wagstaff, President, 50 
Madison Ave., New York City. 

Animals — Their Care and Humane Treatment 

The Work of the Society 

American Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophy- 
laxis. Prince A. Morrow, M.D., President, 66 
West 40th St., New York City. 
Education in Sex 
The Hygiene of Sex 

American Sociological Society. A. A. Tenney, Sec- 
retary, Columbia University, New York City. 

Any phase of sociology, theoretical or practical 

Animal Rescue League of Boston. Mrs. Huntington 
Smith, President, 51 Carver St., Boston, Mass. 
More Thoughtful Consideration for the Lower 
Animals (Illustrated) 

Association of Collegiate Alumnae. Miss Laura 
Drake Gill, President, 264 Boylston St., ^Boston, 
Mass. 

Vocational Foundations 

How to Make a Reading Community 

School Inspection 



39 

How Far Does Household Responsibility 

Extend? 
College Training for Women 

Big Brothers Movement. Rufus S. Putney, Secre- 
tary, 318 West 57th St., New York City. 
The Big Brother Idea 

Boston Home and School Association. Mrs. Fannie 
Fern Andrews, Secretary, 405 Marlborough St., 
Boston, Mass. 

The Relation of Parents to the School 
Parents and Vocational Suggestion 
Schools as Social Centers 

"Boston — 191 5." John L. Sewall, Executive Secretary, 
6 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. 

Unifying the Activities That Make Up the 
Social Progress of a City 

Bureau of Municipal Research. William H. Allen, 
Secretary, 261 Broadway, New York City. 
School Reports and School Efficiency 
School Budgets 
The Dental Awakening 
Citizen Interest in Public Education 
Efficiency Tests for Schools and School Men 

Bureau of Municipal Research of Philadelphia. 

James T. Young, Secretary, 731 Real Estate Trust 

Bldg., Broad and Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. 

The City as an Agency of Social Uplift 

The Citizen's Responsibility for Inefficiency 

and Waste in City Government 
The Causes of Failure in Municipal Govern- 
ment 
Some Methods of Municipal Reform 

Central Howard Association. F. Emory Lyon, 
Superintendent, 415 Rand McNally Bldg., Chicago, 
111. 

The Hope of the Prisoner 



40 

The Making of Men 
The Reformation of the Other Fellow 
The Real and the Ideal Prison System 
Crime and Criminals — Sin and Sinrters 

Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy. Ed- 
ward L. Burchard, Executive Secretary, North- 
western University Bldg., 35 Dearborn St., Chicago, 
111. 

Social Settlements 

Public Care of Children 

Housing Problems 

Protection of Immigrants 

Municipal Lodging Houses 

Child Conference for Research and Welfare. 
Henry S. Curtis, Secretary, 936 Main St.,Worcester, 
Mass. 

Child Welfare and Child Welfare Movements 
The Revival in Play as a World Movement 

(Illustrated) 
The Need of Supervision in Play 
The Play Festival and Pageant 
Aims and Ideals in the Conduct of Play 

Children's Aid Society. C. Loring Brace, Secretary, 
105 East 22nd St., New York City. 
Socializing the Schools 
How the Schools Can Reach the Poor 
School Dental Clinics 
The Emigration of City-bred Children to the 

Country 
Summer Charity Work 

Children's Aid Society of Pennsylvania. Edwin 
D. Solenberger, Gen'l Secretary, 1506 Arch St., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

The Care of Friendless Children 
What the Public Does for Children 



41 

Church Association for the Advancement of the 
Interests of Labor. Margaret Schuyler Law- 
rence, Corresponding Secretary, 416 Lafayette St., 
New York City. 

Special features connected with labor and 
social questions, — Child Labor, Conciliation 
and Arbitration, Sweating and Tenement- 
house Problems, etc. 

Civic League of St. Louis, The. Mayo Fesler, Sec- 
retary, 903 Security Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. 

Commercial Value of Civic Improvements 
Ethical Aspects of Civic Improvements 
Municipal Taxation 
Charter Making 
Civic Communism 

Civic Service House, The. Meyer Bloomfield, Direc- 
tor, 1 10-1 12 Salem St., Boston, Mass. 

Civic Education of the New American 
Problems of an Immigrant Neighborhood 
Specializing Settlement Work 
) The Making of a City 

Street Trades 

Columbia University, Teachers College, School 
of Household Arts. Benjamin R. Andrews, 
Secretary, Columbia University, New York City. 

Household Arts in Public Education 

The Education of Girls 

College Education for Women (Vocational) 

Committee on Congestion of Population in New 
York, The. Benjamin C. Marsh, Executive Sec- 
retary, Room 672, 50 Church St., New York City. 
Causes of Congestion of Population (Illus- 
trated) 
The Prevention of Congestion of Population 
City Planning in American and Foreign Cities 
(Illustrated) 



4 2 

Immigration and Congestion of Population 
The Distribution of Population 

Conference on the Education of Backward, Tru- 
ant, Delinquent and Dependent Children. 
Elmer L. Coffeen, Secretary, Lyman School for 
Boys, Westboro, Mass. 

The Juvenile Court 

The Delinquent Girl 

The Probation Question 

The Delinquent Boy 

Daughters of the American Revolution, Western 
Reserve Chapter. Mrs. Edward L. Harris, 6801 
Euclid Ave., Cleveland, O. 

School Buildings as Social Centers 

Patriotic Education 

Opportunity for Closer Relations between 

Home and School 
Popular Programs for School Patrons 

Ethical-Social League. Lester F. Scott, 318 East 
15th St., New York City. 
The Church To-Day 
Single-Tax 
Socialism 
Prison Reform 
Social Needs and Methods of Work 

Federated Boys' Clubs. Thomas Chew, President, 
Room 308, 35 Congress St., Boston, Mass. 

History of the Boys' Club Movement (Illus- 
trated) 
Theory and Methods of Boys' Club Work 

Federation of Churches and Christian Organiza- 
tions in New York City, The. Walter Laidlaw, 
Secretary, 119 East 19th St., New York City. 

Fourteen Years of Church Federation in the 
New World's Largest City 



43 

The Causes and Limits of New York's Growth 
The Causes and Cure of Congestion in New 

York 
Six Summers of Church Vacation Work and 

Play Schools 
The Evolution of Religious Liberty in New 

York 
(All lectures can be illustrated) 

General Federation of Women's Clubs. Mrs. 
Philip N. Moore, President, 3125 Lafayette Ave., 
St. Louis, Mo. 

Civil Service Reform 

Food Sanitation 

Household Economics 

Literature and Library Extension 

George Junior Republic Association, The. Calvin 
Derrick, Secretary, Freeville, N. Y. 

The Junior Republic Idea and Its Application 

Good Government Association. Robert J. Bottomly, 
Secretary, Rooms 501-504, 11 Pemberton Sq., 
Boston, Mass. 

Questions relating to Municipal Government 

Industrial Home for the Blind, The. Eben P. 
Morford, Superintendent, 512-520 Gates Ave., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 

The Problems of the Blind 

International Children's School Farm League. 
Henry G. Parsons, Secretary, 1133 Broadway, 
New York City. 

Children's School Gardens 
Special Gardens for Tuberculous Children 
Training Teachers for Children's Gardens 
The Children's Garden the Key to the Solution 

of Conservation of National Resources 
Gardens for Crippled Children 



44 

League of American Municipalities. John Mac- 
Vicar, Secretary, City Hall, Des Moines, la. 
Home Rule for Cities 
Commission Form for Municipalities 
Questions on Municipal Development 

League for Protection of Immigrants. Grace 
Abbott, Secretary, Room 435, 158 Adams St., 
Chicago, 111. 

Immigration in Its Various Phases 

Little Land League. Bolton Hall, Secretary, 56 
Pine St., New York City. 
Intensive Cultivation 
City Farming 

A Little Land and a Living 
Vacant Lot Gardens 
Land and Labor 

Massachusetts Anti-Cigaret League. Mrs. Eliza- 
beth R. White, Secretary, 204 Equitable Bldg., 
Boston, Mass. 

The Evil Effect of Juvenile Smoking 

Massachusetts Association of Boards of Health, 
Committee on Sex Hygiene. Walter E. Kruesi, 
Secretary, 64a Tyler St., Boston, Mass. 
Sex Hygiene 

Massachusetts Civic League. Edward J. Hartman, 
Secretary, 3 Joy St., Boston, Mass. 

Civic Improvement and Citizenship 
Social Service and Citizenship 
Social Legislation 
The Place of Play in Education 
Town Planning and Housing Reform 

Massachusetts Commission for the Blind. Charles 
F. F. Campbell, Secretary, 277 Harvard St., Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Needlessly Blind for Life 
Athletics for the Blind 



45 

Handicrafts for the Blind 
Sir Francis Campbell, "The Blind American 
Knight." 

Massachusetts General Hospital, Social Service 
Department. Ida M. Cannon, Head Worker, 
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. 

Tuberculosis Classes 

The Treatment of Neurasthenia 

Sex Problems 

Hospital Social Service 

Medical Society of the County of New York, 
Public Health Education Committee. Mary Sut- 
ton Macy, M.D., Secretary, 101 West 8oth St., 
New York City. 

The Care of Food at Home 
The Causes and Prevention of Nervous Ex- 
haustion and Prostration 
The Relation of Flies and Mosquitoes to Public 

Health 
The Prevention of Some of the Commoner 

Skin Diseases 
The Responsibility of Boyhood to Fatherhood 

Milk and Baby Hygiene Association. Walter E. 
Kruesi, Director, 64a Tyler St., Boston, Mass. 
Mothers' Milk — The Incomparable Infant 

Food 
Effects of Employment during Pregnancy 
Baby's "Summer Complaints" and their 

Remedy 
Care of Milk in the Home 
Unnatural or Substitute Foods for Baby 

Municipal Art Society of Baltimore, The. Josias 
Pennington, Secretary, Baltimore, Md. 

Topics relating to Art, City Improvement and 
kindred subjects 



4 6 

National American Woman Suffrage Association. 
Frances Squire Potter, Secretary, 505 Fifth Ave., 
New York City. 
Democracy 
Woman Suffrage 

National Anti-Cigarette League. Caroline F. Grow, 
Secretary, Room 1 1 19, Woman's Temple, Chicago, 
111. 

The Cigarette and Its Poisons 

The White Slave Traffic 

The Boy Problem 

National Association of Audubon Societies. T. 
Gilbert Pearson, Secretary, 141 Broadway, New 
York City. 

The Economic Value of Birds 

The Relation of Birds to Agriculture and 

Forestry 
The Protection of Birds 

National Association for the Study and Educa- 
tion of Exceptional Children. Maximilian 
P. E. Groszmann, Educational Director, ex officio, 
"Watchung Crest," Johnston Drive, Plainfield, 
N.J. 

The Problem of the Exceptional Child 
Child Psychology 

The Rationalization of the Elementary Course 
of Study 

National Association for the Study and Preven- 
tion of Tuberculosis. Livingston Farrand, 
M.D., Executive Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., 
New York City. 

The Prevention of Tuberculosis 

National Child Labor Committee. Owen R. Love- 
joy, General Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New 
York City. 

Child Labor and Compulsory Education 



47 

Physical Effects of Child Labor 
Causes of Child Labor 
Legislative Remedies for Child Labor 
Economic Fallacy of Child Labor 
Child Labor and Vocational Direction 

National Child Labor Committee, For the Southern 
States. A. J. McKelway, Secretary, 1114 Cen- 
tury Bldg., Atlanta, Ga. 

Child Labor in the South 
Legislative Remedies for Child Labor 

National Child Labor Committee, For New England. 
Everett W. Lord, Secretary, 101 Tremont St., 
Boston, Mass. 

Child Labor 
Vocational Direction 

National Child Labor Committee, For Ohio Valley 
States. E. N. Clopper, Secretary, 803 Union 
Trust Bldg., Cincinnati, O. 
Child Labor 
Industrial Education 
Vocational Direction 

National Christian League for Promotion of 
Purity. Mrs. Elizabeth B. Grannis, President, 
5 East 1 2th St., New York City. 

Physiological and Hygienic Facts in Child Cul- 
ture 
Responsibility of Fatherhood 
Spiritual and Scientific Mating — or Courtship 

and Marriage 
Every Child Its Individual Disciplinarian 
Marriage and Divorce 

National Civil Service Reform League. Elliot H. 
Goodwin, Secretary, 79 Wall St., New York City. 
Civil Service Reform 



48 

National Conference of Charities and Correction, 
The. Alexander Johnson, General Secretary, 328 
West De Wald St., Ft. Wayne, Ind. 

Thirty Years of Organized Charity in the 

United States 
Not Alms But a Friend 
Evolution of Scientific Charity 
Negative Eugenics — a Better Citizenship by 

the Elimination of Defectives 
Our City Housekeeping 

National Conservation Association. Thomas R. 
Shipp, Secretary, 410-41 1 Colorado Bldg., Wash- 
ington, D. C. 

The Conservation of Our Natural Resources 

National Consumers' League. Mrs. Florence Kelly, 
General Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York 
City. 

Conservation of Young Wage Earners 

A Living Wage 

The Shopper's Conscience and Child Labor 

The Long Day of Working Women and Girls 

The Courts and the Sweating System 

National Education Association, Department of 
Women's National Organizations. Miss Laura 
Drake Gill, President, 1326 Nineteenth St., Wash- 
ington, D. C. 

School Improvement Associations 
Marks of an Efficient School System 
How Can the Home and School Get into Closer 
Relations? 

National Federation Remedial Loan Association. 
Arthur H. Ham, Special Agent, 346 Fourth Ave., 
New York City. 

Remedial Loan Associations 

National Housing Association. Lawrence Veiller, 
Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. 
Improved Housing in any of its branches. 



49 

National League for the Civic Education of 
Women, The. Mrs. Julian Heath, Secretary, 222 
Madison Ave., New York City. 

Reasons Against Woman Suffrage 
Rights, Responsibilities and Economic Posi- 
tion of Woman 

National League for the Protection of the 
Family, The. Rev. Samuel W. Dike, Correspond- 
ing Secretary, Auburndale, Mass. 

The Problem of the Home 

Marriage and Divorce 

The Evils that Assail the Home 

The Home and the Child Problem 

The Home and the Church 

National League of Women Workers. Mrs. Henry 
Ollesheimer, President, Hotel Savoy, New York 
City. 

Recreation among Working Girls 
Leisure and the Use of It 
Democratic Ideals in Philanthropy 
How to Develop Self-Help in Work among 
Girls 

National Municipal League. Clinton Rogers Wood- 
ruff, Secretary, 703 North American Bldg., Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Municipal and civic topics generally 

National Newsboys' Association. John E. Gunckel, 
President, Toledo, O. 

Eighteen Years' Personal Experience with the 

Boy of the Street 
How to Handle a Bad Boy 
Newsboys, and What Can be Made of Them 
The Boy Problem 

National Plant, Flower and Fruit Guild. Miss 
A. L. Fairfield, Secretary, 70 Fifth Ave., New York 
City. 



5° 

The Work of the Guild (with slides showing 
school gardens and allied work) 

National Society for the Promotion of Indus- 
trial Education. Edward H. Reisner, Secre- 
tary, 20 West 44th St., New York City. 
Part-time or Continuation Schools 
Vocational and Pre-apprentice Training in 

the Public Schools 
School Instruction and Shopwork in the Pro- 
duction of a First-class Journeyman 
The Money Cost of Industrial Education 

National Vacation Bible School Associations. 
Robert G. Boville, National Director, 133 West 
69th St., New York City. 

Churches and Community Service 

Colleges and Community Service 

What Church and College Combined Can Do 

for Children during Summer Days 
Nine Years' Experience in Summer Social 

Ministry to Children of the Streets 
(Any of these topics can be illustrated) 

National Vigilance Committee, The. Miss Elisa- 
beth Stover, Secretary, 156 Fifth Ave., New York 
City. 

The Suppression of the White Slave Traffic 

National Woman's Christian Temperance Union. 
Mrs. Frances P. Parks, Secretary, The Willard, 
Rest Cottage, Evanston, 111. 

Scientific Temperance Instruction 

Anti-Narcotics 

Physical Education 

Purity 

School Savings Banks 

National Women's Trade Union League of Amer- 
ica. Mrs. D. W. Knefler, Secretary, Room 503, 
275 La Salle St., Chicago, 111. 



5* 

The Social Cost of the Industrial Conditions 

for Women Workers 
The Value of Trade Union Organization 

among Women 
Child Labor 

Protective Legislation for Women Workers 
The Shorter Work Day 

New York Anti-Saloon League. Rev. James Albert 
Patterson, Superintendent, no East 125th St., 
New York City. 

The Un-American King 

The Modern Oracle — Public Opinion 

Doubts and Doubters 

Ideals: Their Place and Power in Life 

New York Association for Improving the Condi- 
tion of the Poor. Frederick Trevor Hill, Secre- 
tary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. 
Fresh Air Work 

Physical Welfare of School Children 
Public Baths 

Open Air Treatment for Crippled Children 
"Follow-up" Visiting from Hospitals and Dis- 
pensaries 

New York Charity Organization Society. W. 
Frank Persons, Superintendent, 105 East 22nd St., 
New York City. 

Care of Needy Families in Their Own Homes 
Employment for Handicapped Persons 
The Organization of Charity 
The Care of Homeless Persons 

New York Charity Organization Society, Depart- 
ment for the Improvement of Social Conditions. 
Lawrence Veiller, Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., 
New York City. 

Prevention of Tuberculosis 
Tenement House Reform 



52 

New York County Woman's Christian Temperance 
Union. Mrs. Helen J. Andruss, President, 548 
West 1 88th St., New York City. 

The Effects of Alcohol and Narcotics 

New York Probation Association. Maude E. 
Miner, Secretary, 165 West 10th Street, New York 
City. 

Probation Work for Girls 

New York School of Philanthropy. Samuel Mc- 
Cune Lindsay, Director, 105 East 22nd St., New 
York City. 

Social Reform 

Child Labor 

Children's Problems 

Criminology and Penology 

Charity Organization 

New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty 
to Children, The. Thomas D. Walsh, Superin- 
tendent, 297 Fourth Ave., New York City. 
Our Scheme of Prevention 
Juvenile Probation or Parole 
Delinquent Parents — Adult Responsibility 
The Rights of Children of the Stage 
Congestion and Delinquency 

North American Civic League for Immigrants. 
Leslie F. Hayford, Field Secretary, 173 State St., 
Boston, Mass. 
Immigration 

Primary Civics for Foreign Speaking People 
and Aliens 

North Bennet Street Industrial School. Alvin E. 
Dodd, Director, 39 North Bennet St., Boston, Mass. 
Industrial Education 
Social Settlement Work 
Possible Modifications in the Elementary 

Public School Education 
The Working Girl's Relation to Industry 



53 

People's Institute, The. Lester F. Scott, Executive 
Secretary, 318 East 15th St., New York City. 
Work with Clubs for Boys and Girls 
Social Advance through Organized Labor 
Popular Recreation (Theatre, Motion Pictures, 

Dance Halls, Playgrounds) 
Suffrage 
Saloon Regulations 

People's University Extension Society of New 
York, The. J. Eugene Whitney, Secretary, 105 
East 17th St., New York City. 

Fireless Cooking 

Special Advice to Girls 

How to Lay Up for Old Age 

Success in Business for Boys and Girls 

Economy in Housekeeping 

Philadelphia League of Home and School Associa- 
tions. Miss Georgia Cook Myers, Secretary, 141 5 
Locust St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Home and School Associations 
The Relations of Home and School from 
Different Viewpoints 

Pittsburgh Associated Charities. Charles F. Wel- 
ler, Secretary, 535 Fulton Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Associated Charities, Their History, Meaning 
and Methods 

Pittsburgh Playground Association, The. George 
E. Johnson, Superintendent, 707-711 Lyceum 
Bldg., Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 
Educational Dynamics 
Plays and Games for Little Children 
The Conduct of Children's Dramatic Clubs 
Playing at Housekeeping 
The Child's Code of Honor 



54 

Playground Association of America, The. H. S. 
Braucher, Secretary, i Madison Ave., New York 
City. 

All Problems Relating to Play 

Prison Association of New York. O. F. Lewis, 
Corresponding Secretary, 135 East 15th St., New 
York City. 

Prison Problems of To-Day 

The Man that Is Down and Out 

Prisoners and their Prevention 

On the Island 

Up from Poverty 

Religious Education Association, The. Henry 
F. Cope, General Secretary, 72 East Madison St., 
Chicago, 111. 

Moral Training in Schools 
Education for Social Service 
The Home and Character 
The Modern View of the Bible 
Character Development under Modern Condi- 
tions 

Russell Sage Foundation, Charity Organization 
Department. Miss Mary E. Richmond, Director, 
Room 613, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. 
The Organization of Charity 

Russell Sage Foundation, Department of Child- 
c Helping. Hastings H. Hart, Director, Room 
■g. 616, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. 
The Child-Helping Movement 
The Juvenile Court as a Social Agency 
The Placing-Out System of Caring for 

Neglected and Delinquent Children 
The Defective Child 

In What Spirit Should Child-Helping Work Be 
Undertaken? 



55 

Russell Sage Foundation, Department of Child 
Hygiene. Luther H. Gulick, M.D., Director, 
Room 9202, 1 Madison Ave., New York City. 

The New Attitude Towards Health 

What Play Means 

Organized Athletics : A Cure for Truancy 

The Problem of Retardation 

The Wider Use of the School Plant 

Russell Sage Foundation, Study of Remedial Loan 
Societies. Arthur H. Ham, Agent, 346 Fourth 
Ave., New York City. 

The Remedial Loan Movement 

Loans upon Chattel Mortgages and Salaries 

St. Louis School of Social Economy. Thomas J. 
Riley, Director, Olivia Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. 
The School and the Community 
Modern Social Work 
The Juvenile Court and Probation 
Civic Betterment 
The Socialized Church 

School for Social Workers. Jeffrey R. Brackett, 
Director, Room 20-21, 9 Hamilton Place, Boston, 
Mass. 

Subjects connected with social work 

Seybert Institution. William B. Buck, Superinten- 
dent, 1506 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

The Relation of Investigation to the Care of 
Children 

The Adjustment of Home- Finding and Insti- 
tution Care 

The Relation of Child-Caring Agencies to 
Public Schools 

The Adjustment of School Work in an Institu- 
tion to the Needs of Backward and Un- 
trained Children 



5 6 

Society of Arts and Crafts, The. Frederic Allen 
Whiting, Secretary, 9 Park St., Boston, Mass. 

Various subjects connected with the Arts and 
Crafts Movement 

Society for the Suppression of Unnecessary 
Noise, The. Mrs. Isaac L. Rice, President, 
The Ansonia, 73rd St. and Broadway, New York 
City. 

A Safe and Sane Fourth 

Unnecessary Noises 

Southern Association of College Women. Miss 
Eula Deaton, Secretary, Alamo Heights, San 
Antonio, Texas. 

Child Hygiene 

Compulsory Education 

Child Labor 

Employment of Women 

Social and Literary Topics 

State Charities Aid Association. Homer Folks, 
Secretary, 105 East 22nd St., New York City. 
Care of Dependent Children 
Placing Homeless Children in Family Homes 
Care and Treatment of Inebriates 
Care of the Insane and Prevention of Insanity 
City and State Charitable Institutions 

Twentieth Century Club, The. Edward H. Chand- 
ler, Secretary, 3 Joy St., Boston, Mass. 
Civic, Educational and Social Topics 

Vocation Bureau, The. "The Director," Room 1 107, 
101 Tremont St., Boston, Mass. 
Vocational Direction 
Intelligent Choice of Vocations 
Mis-Employmen t 
The Vocation Bureau Movement 



57 

Washington Society of the Fine Arts, The. Leila 
Mechlin, Secretary, 1741 New York Ave., Washing- 
ton, D. C. 

All subjects pertaining to Art, Civic Improve- 
ment, etc. 

Woman's Christian Temperance Union of the 
State of New York. Mrs. Ella A. Boole, Presi- 
dent, 1429 Avenue H, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Alcohol and the Body 

Alcohol and Economics 

Narcotics, Alcohol and Public Health 

Woman's Municipal League, The. Miss M. Serena 
Townsend, Secretary, 19 East 26th St., New York 
City. 

The Relation of Women to Municipal House- 
keeping 

Women's Auxiliary to the Civil Service Reform 
Association of New York, The. Miss Jean 
Disbrow, 46 East 82nd St., New York City. 
Civil Service Reform 

Young Women's Christian Associations of the 
United States, National Board of. Miss Mabel 
Cratty, General Secretary, 125 East 27th St., 
New York City. 

What the Y. W. C. A. Can Contribute to the 

Physical Development of Girls 
How the Y. W. C. A. Prepares Girls to Earn 

their Living 
The Y. W. C. A. in Factories and Department 

Stores (Stereopticon) 
The Y. W. C. A. in Cotton Mill Villages 

(Stereopticon) 
History and Present Scope of the Y. W. C. A. 



The Wider Use of the School Plant 

By CLARENCE ARTHUR PERRY 
with an Introduction 

By Dr. Luther Halsey Gulick 

The chapter heads of this book are as follows: The Wider Use, 
Evening Schools, Evening Schools Abroad, The Promotion of 
Attendance at Evening Schools, Vacation Schools, School Play- 
grounds, Public Lectures and Entertainments, Evening Recrea- 
tion Centers, Social Centers, Organized Athletics and Folk Danc- 
ing, Meetings in School Houses, Social Betterment Through 
Wider Use. 

The book is fully illustrated. It shows the activities in actual 
operation, describes the various forms of administration and gives 
pertinent details as to cost, development, and the social ameliora- 
tion which they are effecting. 

Published for the 

Department of Child Hygiene of 

The Russell Sage Foundation 

by the 

Charities Publication Committee 

105 E. 22d Street, New York City 

(Published October, 1910) 

The following Pamphlets are Extracts from the Book 
mentioned above 

51 The Wider Use of the School Plant 

52 Public Lectures in School Buildings 
56 Vacation Schools 

Sample copies will be sent upon request. Address 

DEPARTMENT OF CHILD HYGIENE 

1 Madison Avenue, New York City 



Some of the Pamphlets That Can be Furnished 

by the Department of Child Hygiene of 

the Russell Sage Foundation 

i Madison Avenue, New York City 



Play and Playgrounds 

i. Games Every Boy and Girl Should Know. George E. 
Johnson. 
ii. Can the Child Survive Civilization? Woods Hutchinson, 
M.D. 

12. Children of the Century. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 

13. The City and the Child. Wm. H. Maxwell. 

23. First Steps in Organizing Playgrounds. Lee F. Hanmer. 

(Booklet, 10 cents.) 
26. The Relation of Playgrounds to Social Centers. George 

M. Forbes. 
32. Bibliography on Play, George E. Johnson, and Stories for 

Children, Miss Maude Summers. 
34. Why Teach a Child to Play? George E. Johnson. 

Athletics 

16. Public Schools Athletic League of New York City. Luther 

H. Gulick, M.D. 

17. (Girls' Branch) Public Schools Athletic League of New 

York City. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 

36. Athletics for Boys. (Committee Report.) A. K. Aldinger, 

M.D., Chairman. 

37. Athletics for Girls. Mrs. Frank M. Roessing and Miss Eliza- 

beth Burchenal. 

46. Amateurism. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. 

47. P. S. A. L. of New York City, President's Address. General 

George W. Wingate. 
72. Athletics in the Public Schools. Lee F. Hanmer. 

Medical Inspection 

40. The Effect of Physical Defects on School Progress. 

Leonard P. Ayres. 

41. Physical Defects and School Progress. Leonard P. Ayres. 

Hygiene and Health 

29. The Playground as a Factor in School Hygiene. George 
E. Johnson. 

38. Tuberculosis and the Public Schools. Luther H. Gulick, 

M.D. 

48. Health, Morality and the Playground. Elmer Ellsworth 

Brown. 



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